What does "renovation" refer to in turfgrass management?

In turfgrass management, "renovation" specifically refers to the process of killing existing turf and replanting with a better type. This approach is often necessary when the existing turf is severely degraded, the species currently planted are not well-suited to the conditions, or specific pest issues are prevalent that cannot be effectively managed through other means. By removing the old grass, this allows for the introduction of more desirable grass species that can thrive in the specific environment, whether that involves better drought resistance, pest resistance, or enhanced aesthetic qualities.

This process typically involves steps such as herbicide application to eliminate the old turf, soil preparation to create a favorable environment for the new grass, and finally, planting new seeds or sod that are more aligned with the desired outcomes for the turf area. The goal of renovation is to establish a healthier, more resilient turfgrass that can perform better under environmental stresses and aesthetic demands.

The other options pertain to different aspects of turf management, such as improving existing grass without replanting or enhancing pest control measures, but they do not capture the comprehensive and transformative nature of what renovation entails in this context.