What does 'abiotic problem' refer to?

The term 'abiotic problem' refers to issues in the environment that arise from non-living factors. These can include various stressors such as extreme temperatures, drought, nutrient deficiencies, waterlogged soils, and chemical imbalances. Unlike biotic problems, which are caused by living organisms such as insects, weeds, and pathogens, abiotic issues do not involve living entities. Understanding abiotic problems is crucial in turfgrass management, as they can significantly impact grass health and growth without the presence of pests or diseases. Addressing these non-living stresses is essential for maintaining a healthy turf environment.