How long does it take for biennial plants to complete their life cycle?

Biennial plants take two years to complete their life cycle. During the first year, they typically focus on vegetative growth, developing roots, stems, and leaves. This phase allows them to establish a strong foundation for survival. As they enter their second year, biennial plants shift their energy towards reproduction. They flower, produce seeds, and then die after dispersing their seeds, completing their life cycle. This two-year cycle distinguishes biennial plants from annual plants, which complete their life cycle in a single growing season, and perennial plants, which live for multiple years.